What is the primary focus of backward design in instructional planning?

The primary focus of backward design in instructional planning is to begin with the end goals and design backwards. This approach involves identifying the desired outcomes for students and then working backwards to determine the necessary assessments and instructional strategies that will lead to achieving those goals. By starting with the results that are expected from the instruction, educators can align their teaching methods and assessments to ensure that they effectively facilitate student learning. This method emphasizes clarity in objectives and helps ensure that all elements of the instructional process are coherent and aligned towards achieving specific learning targets.

This way of planning supports a more structured approach to instruction that prioritizes student learning outcomes, rather than just considering teaching activities in isolation or focusing exclusively on student needs without defined objectives. It brings a strategic emphasis on aligning assessments and instructional strategies to the goals set forth at the beginning of the planning process.